Europe[edit]
Main articles: Bologna process and European Higher Education Area
Since the Lisbon Recognition Convention elaborated by the UNESCO and the Council of Europe,[12] degrees in Europe are being harmonised through the Bologna process, based on the three-level hierarchy of degrees: Bachelor(Licence in France, Poland, Portugal and Romania), Master and Doctor. This system is gradually replacing the two-stage system in use in some countries.
The Bologna Process currently has 47 participating countries.[13] Although a country is a Bologna Process member state, this does not necessarily mean that the Bologna Accords have been implemented yet in that country.[14]
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- Status Implementation Bologna Accords
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Implemented
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Not Implemented
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Austria[edit]
In Austria, there are currently two parallel systems of academic degrees:
- the traditional two-cycle system of Magister/Diplom followed by the Doctorate, and
- the three-cycle system of Bachelor, Master and Doctorate as defined by the Bologna process.
With a few exceptions, the two-cycle degree system will be phased out by 2010.[15] Some of the established degree naming has, however, been preserved, allowing universities to award the "Diplom-Ingenieur" (and for a while also the "Magister") to graduates of the new-style Master programmes.
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